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Wine 1.8 Stable | 21.79 Mb
Wine (Wine Is Not Emulator) is an Open Source implementation of the Windows API on top of X, OpenGL, and Unix. Think of Wine as a compatibility layer for running Windows programs. Wine does not require Microsoft Windows, as it is a completely free alternative implementation of the Windows API consisting of 100% non-Microsoft code, however Wine can optionally use native Windows DLLs if they are available. Wine provides both a development toolkit for porting Windows source code to Unix as well as a program loader, allowing many unmodified Windows programs to run on x86-based Unixes, including Linux, FreeBSD, Mac OS X, and Solaris. Wine is a translation layer (a program loader) capable of running Windows applications on Linux and other POSIX compatible operating systems.
Windows programs running in Wine act as native programs would, running without the performance or memory usage penalties of an emulator, with a similar look and feel to other applications on your desktop.
Wine is still under development, and it is not yet suitable for general use. Nevertheless, many people find it useful in running a growing number of Windows programs. Please see the Application Database for success and failure reports for hundreds of Windows programs, as well as the Bug Tracking Database for a list of known issues, and the Status page for a global view on Wine’s implementation progress.
Changes in Wine 1.8:
*** Text and fonts
- DirectWrite is implemented, and works for a number of
applications. The implemented functionality includes:
- Font file loading from system or custom font collections.
- Building font families by combining similar font faces.
- Font matching algorithm using weight/width/slope model.
- Basic text layout support.
- Bi-directional level resolution and line breaks resolution.
- GDI interoperability API, including rendering to DIB section base target.
- Rendering to arbitrary target with generic rendering interface.
- Generating black&white and grayscale alpha bitmaps.
- Bold glyphs can be synthesized for outline fonts.
- Multiple replacements can be specified for a single font by using a multi-string entry under HKCU\Software\Wine\Fonts\Replacements.
- Vertical text uses the Unicode data tables for more accurate character ranges support.
- Character tables are based on version 8.0.0 of the Unicode Standard.
- The built-in Wingdings font contains more glyphs.
- Unicode bracketing pairs are supported in Uniscribe.
- The RichEdit control uses Uniscribe for more accurate text rendering.
- Hebrew and Arabic Mac OS code pages are supported. This improves support for loading translated font names from Mac OS font files.
*** Graphics
- Direct2D is supported. Among the implemented features are:
- DXGI surface and WIC bitmap render targets.
- Geometries defined by straight lines and cubic Bézier curves.
- Drawing text.
- Bitmaps.
- Solid color brushes and bitmap brushes.
- Opacity brushes.
- PNG files can be encoded in interlaced mode.
- Gamma information can be loaded from PNG files.
- Animated GIFs are correctly supported in GdiPlus.
*** Direct3D
- Direct3D 11 is supported, to about the same level as Direct3D 10.
- Simple applications using Direct3D 10 are supported. There are still many unimplemented features. Direct3D 10 requires support for at least OpenGL 3.2 and GLSL 1.50. Some of the changes and supported features include:
- Several resource update operations are implemented.
- Many more shader model 4 opcode are recognized.
- Constant buffers are supported.
- The various resource views are implemented.
- The various state objects are implemented.
- Stateblocks are implemented.
- A number of new DXGI 1.1 interfaces are implemented. This benefits Direct3D 10 and 11 applications.
- Direct3D applications correctly minimize and restore the display mode on focus loss.
- Fixed function vertex blending is implemented. This requires GLSL support.
- Per-vertex point sizes are supported. This requires GLSL support.
- The wined3d graphics card database recognizes more graphics cards. The graphics card detection code is simplified and
improved. More reasonable fallbacks are picked for unrecognized graphics cards.
- On drivers that support it, GL_ARB_texture_mirror_clamp_to_edge or GL_EXT_texture_mirror_clamp are used to implement the "mirror once" texture addressing mode. Previously this required GL_ATI_texture_mirror_once.
- GL_ARB_depth_clamp is no longer required to correctly draw pre-transformed vertices with disabled z-buffering. This helps older graphics cards that can't correctly implement GL_ARB_depth_clamp.
- On drivers that support it, GL_ARB_blend_func_extended is used to implement the D3DBLEND_SRCALPHASAT blend factor.
- On drivers that support it, GL_ARB_sampler_objects is used to apply sampler states independently of the texture object they apply to. This helps applications that bind the same texture to multiple texture stages, but with different sampler states.
- On drivers that support it, GL_EXT_texture_snorm is used to support signed (normalized) texture formats. These are typically used for bump mapping. Previously these formats required either GL_NV_texture_shader, or fixups when loading and using them.
- On drivers that support is, GL_ARB_timer_query is used to support Direct3D 9 timestamp queries.
- Texture format restrictions are more strictly enforced. This allows applications to fall back to a different format instead of continuing with broken rendering.
- Direct3D 9 D3DTSS_CONSTANT texture stage constants are supported.
- Color keyed blits can be done by the graphics card. Previously these needed to be done by the CPU.
- NV12 surfaces are supported. This is used by some applications for playing back video.
- ATI1N textures and surfaces are supported, in addition to ATI2N textures and surfaces. This requires support for
GL_ARB_texture_compression_rgtc from the OpenGL driver.
- When GLSL is supported, lighting for Direct3D 1-3 is more correct. However, for most application the difference will only be very slight.
- The IDirect3DSwapChain9Ex interface is supported.
- OpenGL core contexts, OpenGL ES contexts, and multi-threaded OpenGL command submission (known as "CSMT") have been added, however that work is not finished yet.
*** DirectDraw
- SetCooperativeLevel() works better, affecting DirectDraw exclusive mode in particular.
- DirectDraw surface flipping is more correct. This affects applications that use more than 1 back buffer in particular.
- DirectDraw palette handling is better supported. This mostly affects older applications using 8-bpp display modes (but not exclusively.)
- "Client memory" surfaces are better supported, in particular related to the handling of pitch and texture compression.
*** Audio and video
- A Pulse Audio driver is implemented. It is selected automatically when Pulse Audio is running.
- 5.1 surround sound is supported in DirectSound. Stereo is the default, but other speaker configurations can be set through the Audio tab in Winecfg.
- XAudio2 is implemented, based on the OpenAL Soft library.
- The OpenAL library defaults to the native version.
- The Video Mixing Renderer version 7 is implemented.
- AVI file encoding and compression is implemented.
*** Kernel
- Wine can be configured to report the Windows version as 'Windows 8.1' and 'Windows 10'.
- Keyed event synchronization objects are implemented.
- The "init once" synchronization mechanism is supported.
- Condition variables are implemented.
- Slim Reader/Writer locks are implemented.
- Activation contexts are used for loading DLLs, type libraries, and COM classes, avoiding the need for explicit registration.
- Windows devices support read and write operations in addition to I/O controls. They can be remapped directly to existing Unix devices.
- Thread local storage is supported in dynamically loaded libraries.
- Process jobs are implemented.
- The Task Scheduler service is implemented.
- The UTF-7 encoding is supported.
- ATL thunk emulation supports a wider range of possible instructions.
- Process and thread affinity is supported even with a large number of processors.
- Dynamic DST (Daylight Saving Time) is supported through the registry. Timezone data is updated for a number of timezones.
- USER_SHARED_DATA access is emulated on x86-64 platforms.
- The new thread pool API is supported.
- OpenMP (parallel programming API) is implemented.
- Preliminary support for HID devices is implemented, but it's not enabled yet.
*** User interface
- There is an optional Start Menu in desktop mode, that can be enabled on a per-desktop basis by setting "EnableShell" to "Y" under HKCU\Software\Wine\Explorer\Desktops\<name>.
- The standard Open File dialog supports a drop-down menu for file manipulations.
- The 'My Documents' folder links to the XDG or Mac OS X 'Documents' folder if it exists.
- Many more shell Known Folders are supported.
- Scrollbar theming is implemented. Theming of other controls also works better.
- The Toolbar common control can save and restore its state.
*** Mac OS X support
- The 64-bit architecture is supported on Mac OS X; however, it's not 100% compatible with Win64, because of the OS X non-standard 64-bit ABI.
- Memory size is reported accurately on Mac OS X.
- Joysticks are supported at the WinMM level on Mac OS X.
- Debugging information and stack unwinding are improved on Mac OS X.
- Trash folder enumeration is supported on Mac OS X.
- All mouse events are supported in the system tray with the Mac driver.
- Window maximization is supported in the Mac driver.
- The Cocoa-style full-screen mode is supported in the Mac driver.
- Multiple keyboard layouts are supported in the Mac driver.
*** X11 driver
- X Drag & Drop protocol version 5 is supported.
- Flashing a window caption is implemented in the X11 driver using the NET_WM_STATE_DEMANDS_ATTENTION style.
*** OLE / COM
- OLE Storage files support file locking, and sizes larger than 4 GB.
- Type libraries are registered correctly on 64-bit setups.
- 32-bit type libraries can be loaded from 64-bit programs.
- Te OLE data cache supports DIB images.
- The RP interface to control Windows services is compatible with the
native version.
- OLE Accessible Objects are implemented for better accessibility support.
*** Internet and networking
- The Gecko engine is updated to the version from Firefox 40. Many more objects and properties are implemented in MSHTML.
- Internet proxies can be configured automatically.
- RPC over HTTP supports the NTLM and Negotiate authentication schemes.
- The Web Services API is partially implemented.
- Download of Gecko and Mono add-ons can be canceled from the progress dialog.
- Conditional compilation is supported in JavaScript.
- Arrays, math functions, and exception unwinding are implemented in VBScript.
- Remote network shares can be configured using Samba's NetAPI library.
- The Packet Capture DLL is implemented.
- Network interface change notifications are implemented.
- IPv6 DNS addresses are supported in IphlpAPI.
- The Deflate content encoding is supported in Wininet.
- The TransmitFile API is implemented in Windows Sockets.
- The BITS file transfer service is better supported.
*** Printing
- Vertical text is supported when printing through the PostScript driver.
- The PostScript driver generates standard glyph names when possible.
- Monochrome printers are better supported, in particular when printing color images.
- Collation is supported in the PostScript driver.
*** Miscellaneous
- Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) implements several more WBEM system classes.
- Applying installation patches is better supported in MSI.
- Hyperlink controls are supported in installers.
- More recent versions of the C/C++ runtimes are supported, including the new UCRTBASE library. The old MSVCIRT C++ runtime is also partially implemented.
- Version 9, 10, and 11 of ATL (Active Template Library) are implemented.
- The Windows Scripting Runtime supports many more classes, including file and folder collections and dictionaries.
- Writing XML files is implemented.
- The Invariant locale is supported.
*** Built-in applications
- The 'taskmgr' application displays whether processes are running under WoW64.
- The 'regedit' tool better supports import/export of registry files.
- The 'wineconsole' tool supports configuring the insert/overwrite mode in the settings dialog.
*** Platform-specific changes
- System and hardware information is properly reported on ARM platforms.
- WoW64 mode is supported for the ARM64 platform.
- The 64-bit architecture is supported on Android.
- Binaries are built as PIE on Android, for compatibility with Android version 5.
*** Build environment
- Source files can be shared across DLLs, to allow building multiple versions of a DLL from the same source. This is more compatible than forwarding calls to a single master DLL. It's used mainly for the C/C++ runtime libraries.
- #pragma directives are supported in various source files to specify dependencies, for more accurate makefile generation.
- The IDL compiler supports WinRT namespaces.
- The message compiler uses mo files instead of po files for faster processing.
- Architecture-specific compile flags like -march= are supported in Winegcc and passed along to the assembler.
*** New external dependencies
- liblcms2 is used instead of liblcms version 1.
- libnetapi from Samba is used for configuring remote network shares.
- libpcap is used to implement the Packet Capture DLL.
- libpulse is used by the Pulse Audio driver.
- The OpenAL Soft library is used to implement XAudio2.
- The prelink tool is no longer necessary as long as the linker supports the -Ttext-segment option.
*** Known issues
- Since the support for OpenGL core contexts in WineD3D is not complete enough yet, Direct3D 10 and 11 need to be supported in a legacy context / the compatibility profile, which means that they currently don't work on Mesa.
- Setting the PULSE_LATENCY_MSEC variable was sometimes necessary with the Alsa audio driver, but it can cause trouble with the Pulse driver. It is recommended to unset the variable.
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